Transformer Calculator Primary Secondary

Transformer Turns Ratio Formula:

\[ \text{Turns Ratio} = \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{I_s}{I_p} \]

Primary Voltage (Vp):

volts

Secondary Voltage (Vs):

volts

Primary Current (Ip):

amps

Secondary Current (Is):

amps

Turns Ratio:

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1. What is Transformer Turns Ratio?

The transformer turns ratio is the ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding. It determines the relationship between primary and secondary voltages and currents.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the transformer turns ratio formula:

\[ \text{Turns Ratio} = \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{I_s}{I_p} \]

Where:

\( V_p \) — Primary voltage (volts)
\( V_s \) — Secondary voltage (volts)
\( I_p \) — Primary current (amps)
\( I_s \) — Secondary current (amps)

Explanation: The turns ratio determines how a transformer changes voltage and current between its primary and secondary windings while maintaining power (minus losses).

3. Importance of Turns Ratio Calculation

Details: Calculating turns ratio is essential for transformer design, troubleshooting electrical systems, understanding voltage transformation, and ensuring proper impedance matching in circuits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any two known values (either both voltages or both currents) to calculate the turns ratio. Alternatively, enter three values to calculate the missing current value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between turns ratio and voltage?
A: The voltage ratio is directly proportional to the turns ratio. If the turns ratio is 2:1, the secondary voltage will be half the primary voltage.

Q2: How does turns ratio affect current?
A: Current is inversely proportional to the turns ratio. A step-up transformer (more secondary turns) will have lower secondary current than primary current.

Q3: Can I calculate turns ratio with mixed parameters?
A: Yes, you can use either voltage values or current values to calculate the ratio, as they should give the same result for an ideal transformer.

Q4: What is an ideal transformer?
A: An ideal transformer has no losses, meaning input power equals output power (Vp × Ip = Vs × Is).

Q5: How do real transformers differ from ideal ones?
A: Real transformers have losses due to resistance, hysteresis, eddy currents, and flux leakage, making the actual ratio slightly different from calculated.