1. What is the Transformer Voltage Equation?

The transformer voltage equation calculates the secondary voltage based on the primary voltage and the turns ratio between primary and secondary windings. This fundamental relationship governs how transformers step up or step down voltages in electrical systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the transformer voltage equation:

Where:

• \( V_s \) — Secondary voltage (V)
• \( V_p \) — Primary voltage (V)
• \( N_s \) — Number of secondary turns
• \( N_p \) — Number of primary turns

Explanation: The equation shows that the voltage ratio between primary and secondary windings is directly proportional to the turns ratio of the transformer.

3. Importance of Voltage Calculation

Details: Accurate voltage calculation is crucial for transformer design, electrical system planning, and ensuring proper voltage levels for connected equipment and devices.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter primary voltage in volts, number of secondary turns, and number of primary turns. All values must be valid (voltage > 0, turns > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between voltage and turns ratio?
A: The voltage ratio is directly proportional to the turns ratio. If secondary turns exceed primary turns, voltage increases (step-up). If primary turns exceed secondary turns, voltage decreases (step-down).

Q2: Does this equation account for transformer efficiency?
A: No, this is the ideal transformer equation that assumes 100% efficiency. Real transformers have losses due to core losses, copper losses, and leakage flux.

Q3: Can this calculator be used for three-phase transformers?
A: The basic voltage relationship holds for three-phase transformers, but additional considerations for connection type (delta-wye, wye-delta, etc.) may be needed.

Q4: What are typical voltage ranges for transformers?
A: Transformers can handle voltages from a few volts (small electronics) to hundreds of kilovolts (power transmission systems), depending on their design and application.

Q5: How does frequency affect transformer operation?
A: The voltage equation assumes constant frequency. Changing frequency affects the transformer's magnetic flux and core saturation characteristics, which can impact performance.