1. What is Reactive Power?

Reactive power (Q) is the power component in AC circuits that oscillates between the source and the load without being dissipated. It's measured in volt-amperes reactive (VAR) and is essential for maintaining voltage levels in power systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the reactive power formula:

Where:

• \( V \) — Voltage (volts)
• \( I \) — Current (amps)
• \( \theta \) — Phase angle between voltage and current (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the reactive power component in an AC electrical system based on voltage, current, and their phase relationship.

3. Importance of Reactive Power Calculation

Details: Accurate reactive power calculation is crucial for power system stability, voltage regulation, power factor correction, and efficient energy transmission in electrical networks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter voltage in volts, current in amps, and phase angle in degrees. All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between active and reactive power?
A: Active power (P) performs actual work and is measured in watts, while reactive power (Q) supports magnetic fields and is measured in VAR.

Q2: What is power factor and how is it related to reactive power?
A: Power factor is the ratio of active power to apparent power. Low power factor indicates high reactive power consumption.

Q3: Why is reactive power compensation important?
A: Reactive power compensation improves power factor, reduces energy losses, increases system capacity, and maintains voltage stability.

Q4: What are typical sources of reactive power?
A: Capacitors generate reactive power while inductors consume it. Synchronous generators and compensators can also provide reactive power.

Q5: How does reactive power affect electricity bills?
A: Many utilities charge penalties for low power factor (high reactive power) as it increases transmission losses and requires larger equipment.