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Theoretical Mass Equation:
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The theoretical mass equation calculates the mass of a substance using the amount of substance (in moles) and its molar mass. This fundamental chemistry equation is expressed as Mass = n × M, where n is the amount in moles and M is the molar mass in g/mol.
The calculator uses the theoretical mass equation:
Where:
Explanation: This equation directly relates the number of moles of a substance to its mass through the molar mass conversion factor.
Details: Calculating theoretical mass is essential in stoichiometry for predicting reaction yields, preparing solutions with specific concentrations, and determining quantities in chemical synthesis and analysis.
Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and the molar mass in g/mol. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the theoretical mass in grams.
Q1: What is the difference between theoretical mass and actual mass?
A: Theoretical mass is the calculated mass based on stoichiometry, while actual mass is the measured mass obtained from an experiment. The difference helps determine reaction efficiency.
Q2: How do I find the molar mass of a compound?
A: Molar mass is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in the chemical formula. For example, water (H₂O) has a molar mass of 18.015 g/mol.
Q3: Can this equation be used for any substance?
A: Yes, the equation Mass = n × M applies to all pure substances, whether elements or compounds, as long as you know the molar mass.
Q4: What are common units for this calculation?
A: Amount is typically in moles, molar mass in g/mol, and resulting mass in grams. Consistent units are essential for accurate calculations.
Q5: How is this related to Avogadro's number?
A: The mole concept is based on Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³), which connects the microscopic world of atoms/molecules to measurable macroscopic masses.