Thevenin Voltage Calculator

Thevenin Voltage Formula:

\[ V_{th} = V_{oc} \]

Thevenin Voltage (V_th):

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1. What is Thevenin Voltage?

Thevenin Voltage (V_th) is the open-circuit voltage measured across two terminals of a linear electrical network. It represents the equivalent voltage source in Thevenin's theorem, which states that any linear circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single voltage source and series resistance.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the fundamental Thevenin voltage formula:

\[ V_{th} = V_{oc} \]

Where:

\( V_{th} \) — Thevenin equivalent voltage (V)
\( V_{oc} \) — Open circuit voltage measured across the terminals (V)

Explanation: The Thevenin voltage is simply equal to the open-circuit voltage measured at the terminals of interest when all independent sources are active and no load is connected.

3. Importance of Thevenin Voltage Calculation

Details: Thevenin voltage calculation is essential for circuit analysis and simplification. It allows engineers to analyze complex circuits by reducing them to simpler equivalent circuits, making it easier to calculate current, voltage, and power in various circuit components.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the open-circuit voltage measured across the terminals in volts. The value must be a positive number greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between Thevenin voltage and Norton current?
A: Thevenin voltage is the open-circuit voltage equivalent, while Norton current is the short-circuit current equivalent. They are related through Thevenin resistance.

Q2: How is Thevenin voltage measured experimentally?
A: Thevenin voltage is measured by connecting a voltmeter across the terminals of interest with no load connected (open circuit condition).

Q3: Can Thevenin theorem be applied to non-linear circuits?
A: No, Thevenin's theorem applies only to linear circuits containing linear components and independent sources.

Q4: What happens to dependent sources in Thevenin equivalent?
A: Dependent sources remain active in the circuit when calculating Thevenin equivalent, unlike independent sources which may be deactivated.

Q5: How is Thevenin resistance related to Thevenin voltage?
A: Thevenin resistance (R_th) is calculated by deactivating all independent sources and finding the equivalent resistance, while Thevenin voltage is the open-circuit voltage.