1. What is Transformer Efficiency?

Transformer efficiency is a measure of how effectively a transformer converts input power to output power. It is expressed as a percentage and indicates the energy losses that occur during the transformation process.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the efficiency formula:

Where:

• \( P_{\text{out}} \) — Output power in watts (W)
• \( P_{\text{in}} \) — Input power in watts (W)

Explanation: The formula calculates the ratio of output power to input power, multiplied by 100 to express it as a percentage. Higher efficiency values indicate less energy loss.

3. Importance of Efficiency Calculation

Details: Calculating transformer efficiency is crucial for energy conservation, cost savings, and environmental sustainability. High-efficiency transformers reduce energy waste and operating costs.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both output power and input power in watts. Both values must be positive numbers, and output power should not exceed input power for valid results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is considered good transformer efficiency?
A: Modern transformers typically have efficiency ratings between 95-99%. Higher values indicate better performance.

Q2: Why can't output power exceed input power?
A: Due to the law of energy conservation, output power cannot exceed input power as some energy is always lost as heat.

Q3: What factors affect transformer efficiency?
A: Core losses (hysteresis and eddy currents), copper losses (I²R losses), and load conditions all affect efficiency.

Q4: How can transformer efficiency be improved?
A: Using better core materials, proper design, optimal loading, and regular maintenance can improve efficiency.

Q5: Is 100% efficiency possible?
A: No, due to inherent energy losses in the transformation process, 100% efficiency is theoretically impossible.