1. What is Transformer Efficiency?

Transformer efficiency is a measure of how effectively a transformer converts input electrical power to output electrical power. It is expressed as a percentage and indicates the energy losses that occur during the transformation process.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the efficiency formula:

Where:

• Output Power — Power delivered to the load (Watts)
• Input Power — Power supplied to the transformer (Watts)

Explanation: The formula calculates the ratio of output power to input power, multiplied by 100 to express it as a percentage. Higher efficiency indicates less energy loss.

3. Importance of Efficiency Calculation

Details: Calculating transformer efficiency is crucial for energy conservation, cost savings, and environmental impact. High-efficiency transformers reduce energy waste and operating costs in electrical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both output power and input power in watts. Ensure output power is less than or equal to input power. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is considered good transformer efficiency?
A: Modern transformers typically have efficiencies between 95-99%. Higher power transformers generally have better efficiency ratings.

Q2: What causes energy losses in transformers?
A: Main losses include copper losses (I²R losses) and iron losses (hysteresis and eddy current losses).

Q3: Can efficiency be greater than 100%?
A: No, efficiency cannot exceed 100% as it would violate the law of conservation of energy. Output power cannot exceed input power.

Q4: How does load affect transformer efficiency?
A: Transformers typically achieve maximum efficiency at 70-80% of full load. Efficiency decreases at both very light and very heavy loads.

Q5: Why measure efficiency in percentage?
A: Percentage format provides a clear, standardized way to compare the performance of different transformers and electrical equipment.