Vertical Velocity Calculator Projectile

Vertical Velocity Equation:

\[ V_y = V_0 \sin \theta - g t \]

Initial Velocity (V₀):

m/s

Launch Angle (θ):

degrees

Gravity (g):

m/s²

Time (t):

Vertical Velocity (V_y):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Vertical Velocity in Projectile Motion?

Vertical velocity in projectile motion refers to the vertical component of a projectile's velocity. It changes continuously due to gravity's acceleration, following the equation V_y = V₀ sinθ - gt, where V₀ is initial velocity, θ is launch angle, g is gravity, and t is time.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the vertical velocity equation:

\[ V_y = V_0 \sin \theta - g t \]

Where:

\( V_0 \) — Initial velocity (m/s)
\( \theta \) — Launch angle (degrees)
\( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
\( t \) — Time (seconds)

Explanation: The equation calculates the vertical component of velocity at any given time during projectile motion, accounting for the initial vertical velocity component and the effect of gravity over time.

3. Importance of Vertical Velocity Calculation

Details: Calculating vertical velocity is essential for analyzing projectile motion, determining maximum height, time of flight, and predicting the trajectory of objects under gravity's influence.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial velocity in m/s, launch angle in degrees (0-90), gravity in m/s² (default 9.81), and time in seconds. All values must be valid positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What happens when vertical velocity becomes zero?
A: When V_y = 0, the projectile reaches its maximum height. This occurs at t = (V₀ sinθ)/g.

Q2: Can vertical velocity be negative?
A: Yes, vertical velocity becomes negative when the projectile is descending, indicating downward motion.

Q3: How does launch angle affect vertical velocity?
A: Higher launch angles result in greater initial vertical velocity components, leading to higher maximum heights and longer flight times.

Q4: What is the significance of the gravity value?
A: Gravity (typically 9.81 m/s² on Earth) determines the rate at which vertical velocity decreases during ascent and increases during descent.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for other planets?
A: Yes, by adjusting the gravity value to match the gravitational acceleration of other celestial bodies.